Both Jews and Greeks are All Under Sin – Romans 3:1-20

The letter of Romans develops two, interrelated themes. First, the gospel is God’s power unto salvation to everyone who believes (1:16). Secondly, the gospel is the fulfillment of the OT Scriptures (1:2). Paul will intertwine these two themes in this chapter.

He begins by asking what advantage did the Jews have over the Gentiles, since he has pointed out that the Jews condemned themselves in chapter 2. What advantage did the Jews have? They had the oracles (law) of God (3:2). Yet, many Jews did not believe the oracles of God. But their unbelief and disobedience does not nullify the plans and faithfulness of God relative to His plans (3:3). God is true; man is a liar (3:4) and to support that contention, Paul quotes from the Jews’ law: Psalm 51:4.

Unrighteousness is seen in contrast to righteousness. Thus, the unrighteousness of man makes visible, manifests, the righteousness of God (3:5). The righteousness of God judges the sin of man and God is not wrong in doing that, otherwise, there would be no justice in the world (3:6).

If the unrighteousness of man (a “lie,” for example) reveals the righteousness of God (His truth), why is that man still judged as a sinner? Because all sin violates the nature of God. You cannot say, “Let us do evil (practice unrighteousness) so that good may come (the righteousness of God be revealed)” (3:7-8).  Why? Because the condemnation of the unrighteous is just.

Having said that and drawing a conclusion that extends back to 1:18, Paul says that Jews are not better than Gentiles, despite having the “oracles of God” (3:9). All are condemned as sinners and to prove that point, Paul will quote a catena of OT verses in 3:10-18, from Psalms and Isaiah.

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The fact of the matter is that no flesh can be justified by the works of the law of Moses because forgiveness / justification / reconciliation could not come by the law. Only the knowledge of sin could come through the law.

Next week, as we consider 3:21-31, we’ll see that the righteousness of God is manifested in the offering of Jesus Christ and it is through Him that God could be both “just” and the one who “justifies” the sinner (3:26).

Your fellow-servant in Christ,

Paul Holland

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